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In-depth articles on the biggest case studies in modern management. Strategy, marketing, operations and finance — written for people who decide.

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Innovation

Tesla and the Gigafactory: The Vertical Integration Bet That Rewrote the Auto Industry

Why Tesla integrated the battery vertically when the entire market said to outsource. Fine & Whitney, Teece and dynamic capabilities applied to the $5B Gigafactory decision.

Micael Jardim18 min read
Strategy

Netflix: Cannibalizing Yourself Before the Disruptor Does

In 2007, Reed Hastings had 6.7M DVD subscribers and the best retail margin in America. He chose to kill his own business. The story of 4 decisions and the book Hastings read as a survival manual.

Micael Jardim18 min read
Strategy

Uber: The Race to Liquidity in Two-Sided Marketplaces

Why Uber subsidized drivers before riders, why it chose SXSW Austin as its second city, and why "liquidity" is the only metric that matters in the first 24 months of any marketplace.

Micael Jardim17 min read
Strategy

Spotify: How to Build Defensibility Against an Incumbent With 800M Credit Cards

In 2013, Apple was preparing Apple Music. Spotify had less cash, less distribution, less time. It won by applying Rumelt's isolating mechanisms: data, personalization, and freemium as a cultural moat.

Micael Jardim17 min read
Strategy

Cristiano Ronaldo: The CR7 Business Empire and the Architecture of a Personal Brand

The difference between "Cristiano Ronaldo" (the athlete) and "CR7" (the platform) is worth hundreds of millions. How Keller's brand equity pyramid, the Nike lifetime deal, and post-career vertical integration built the most profitable personal brand in sport.

Micael Jardim17 min read
Operations

LEGO: The Turnaround That Saved a Brand from Diversification

In 2003, LEGO posted the worst loss in its history. Ten years later it was the most profitable toy company in the world. The answer was in Porter ("strategic fit"), in Aaker (brand architecture), and in the courage to subtract.

Micael Jardim17 min read
Strategy

M-Pesa: How Kenya Built the World's Largest Mobile Money System

In 2007, Safaricom launched what looked like a simple microcredit tool. Eighteen years later, M-Pesa moves more than half of Kenya's GDP. The story of 4 strategic decisions that redefined financial inclusion.

Micael Jardim18 min read
Operations

Benihana of Tokyo: The Restaurant That Became a Harvard Case

How Rocky Aoki turned a Japanese restaurant in New York into a case study taught in MBAs for over 50 years. The lesson: operations aren't boring — they are the product.

Micael Jardim16 min read
Crypto · Protocol

El Salvador: Bitcoin as Legal Tender

In 2021, the first country in the world adopted Bitcoin as legal tender. The Chivo wallet, the Volcano Bond, the IMF critique and what network theory says about digital money.

Micael Jardim16 min read
Crypto · Treasury

MicroStrategy: Bitcoin as Corporate Treasury

Michael Saylor turned a B2B software company into the world's largest corporate holder of Bitcoin. Signaling theory, convertible notes and the reinvention of the corporate balance sheet.

Micael Jardim16 min read
Crypto · Exchange

Coinbase: Direct Listing and Institutional Crypto Infrastructure

In April 2021 Coinbase gave up billions in new capital by choosing a direct listing instead of an IPO. Market microstructure and the business of trust in exchanges.

Micael Jardim17 min read
Crypto · DeFi

Terra/Luna: The Algorithmic Stablecoin Collapse

In May 2022, US$60 billion evaporated in 7 days. Diamond-Dybvig, mechanism design and the most expensive lesson ever charged in DeFi.

Micael Jardim18 min read
Crypto · Governance

FTX: Collapse and Governance Failure in Exchanges

Nine days for a US$32 billion exchange to turn to dust. Agency theory, commingling and what John Ray III documented upon taking over.

Micael Jardim18 min read
Crypto · Institutionalization

BlackRock BUIDL: Tokenization of Real-World Assets

The world's largest asset manager brought Treasuries to Ethereum in March 2024. What this means for banks, DeFi and the future of financial infrastructure.

Micael Jardim17 min read

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